E.g. a folder that is stored as an artifact

There's the in memory cache, which is used to cache results for lookups; the lifecycle is just to the end of the process

There's the modules/provider cache which is implemented as a registry proxy; It has a max TTL you configure.

There's the "native CI caching" which is where atmos can work together with the GitHub artifact cache; evicition there is governed by your Github policy typically based on cache size, and oldest items are evicted to free up space