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But why? Mutliple instances should work fine together.

I will answer your question in a while post conducting some experiments 🙂 . For some more context this is on a beefy CI machine that runs multiple instances of gradle on the same codebase in parallel. The codebases and gradle instances differ however the cache is shared. We have had a few issues with file locks not being acquired and/or timing out because multiple instances were trying to access the same build-cache entry.

I’m not sure if it’s exactly what you’re asking for, but have you looked at

GRADLE_RO_DEP_CACHE

? https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/dependency_resolution.html#sub:shared-readonly-cache

This looks promising, thanks! will check this out.

That combined with individual

GRADLE_USER_HOME

directories might do what you intend. But then only the dep cache is shared and also just the deps that are already in that RO instance.