Hi there! This seems like more of an issue with your company internals. Have you reached out to your internal infra team for support?
We won't be able to provide super specific support here since this is very dependent on how your infra is set up, but your terraform scripts will almost certainly need to have access to kubectl commands to be able to deploy a k8s cluster, even if you set up the secrets externally in Azure you would still need to be able to reference them with k8s resources. If your Jenkins deployment pipeline doesn't have access to a principal with kubectl access then you'll probably need to request one.