Hello, segments in Druid are immutable and cannot be appended to. The process used to combine multiple segments as you are describing is called compaction.
https://druid.apache.org/docs/latest/data-management/compaction
At a simplified level:
• ingestion creates 1 segment
• an append (not overwrite) ingestion adds 1 new segment so now we have 2 segments
• compaction combines the segments to create 1 new combined segment